Müntz Systems and Müntz–legendre Polynomials

The Müntz–Legendre polynomials arise by orthogonalizing the Müntz system {xλ0 , xλ1 , . . . } with respect to the Lebesgue measure on [0, 1]. In this paper, differential and integral recurrence formulas for the Müntz–Legendre polynomials are obtained. Interlacing and lexicographical properties of their zeros are studied, and the smallest and largest zeros are universally estimated via the zeros of Laguerre polynomials. The uniform convergence of the Christoffel functions is proved equivalent to the nondenseness of the Müntz system, which implies that in this case the Müntz–Legendre polynomials tend to 0 uniformly on closed subintervals of [0, 1). Some inequalities for Müntz polynomials are also investigated, in particular, a sharp L2 Markov inequality is proved. §